- After the Civil War, 23 blacks — 13 of them ex-slaves — were elected to Congress, all as Republicans.
- The first black Democrat was not elected to Congress until 1935.
- In 1865, the 13th Amendment emancipating the slaves was passed with 100 percent of Republicans (88 of 88 in the House, 30 of 30 in the Senate) voting for it. Only 23 percent of Democrats (16 of 66 in the House, 3 of 8 in the Senate) voted for it.
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